'""WBsjTVormmoisu 

APR,  „g  .aiji.. 

Stye  liulletin 

Containing  Biennial  Report  of 
’the  President  of  the 

0tate  formal  i»drnnl 

Valley  City,  N.  D. 

®n  tbr  Sdatr  Unarh  of  Urgettia 

July  1,  1914  to  June  30,  1916 


ivi/nn 


(Abridged) 


Entered  at  the  Post  Office,  Valley  City,  N.  D.,  as 
second  class  matter,  under  act  of  Congress,  July, 
1894.  Published  monthly  except  August.  Vol.  10 
5,  December,  1916.  — 


llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll 


* 


Hipmtial  l&tpavt  nf  the  flrmiient  of  the  i^tate  Nur- 
mal  ^rtjnol,  Halleg  Cttg,  1.,  tn  tlje  #tate 
Unarli  nf  Urgenta  for  the  pencil  July 
1st,  1914  tn  June  30111,  1910 

(ABRIDGED) 


To  the  Honorable  State  Board  of  Regents, 

Bismarck,  North  Dakota. 

Gentlemen: 

Conformable  to  custom  and  the  legal  requirements,  I have 
the  honor  to  submit  the  following  report  as  President  of  the 
State  Normal  School  at  Valley  City,  North  Dakota,  for  the  bi- 
ennial period  beginning  July  1,  1914  and  ending  June  30,  1916. 
Your  careful  consideration  of  this  report  is  requested. 

I.  Student  Affairs 

Attendance  in  the  Normal  School  department  shows  a 
wholesome  growth,  especially  in  view  of  the  fact  that  other 
Normal  Schools  are  being  established  in  the  field  that  has 
heretofore  been  tributary  to  this  institution.  The  total  at- 
tendance in  all  departments  has  grown  healthfully  and  the 
average  membership  thruout  the  year  has  continued  to  in- 
crease. I am  submitting  below  a table  showing  the  enroll- 
ment in  all  departments  for  the  past  six  years  giving  you  an 
opportunity  to  study  the  growth  of  student  attendance.  The 
geographical  distribution  of  the  student  body  is  also  shown 
as  well  as  the  enrollment  for  each  of  the  four  terms  of  the 
past  six  years. 

1.  Enrollment 


T1 

T2 

T3 

’14 

T5 

T6 

The  Normal 

School  De- 

partment  . . 

622 

638 

737 

746 

700 

700 

The  Summer 

School  645 

648 

700 

734 

645 

681 

The  Institute 

89 

52 

The  Training 

School  ....  211 

218 

261 

293 

249 

242 

The  Music  Department...  134 

170 

221 

255 

213 

312 

Total,  less 

any  counted 

twice  

.1495 

1552 

1729 

1733 

1859 

1935 

PRESIDENT'®  BIENNIAL  REPORT 


Number  of  counties  repre- 


sented  

. 43 

46 

47 

48 

51 

48 

Other  states  represented. 

. 10 

9 

10 

10 

14 

13 

Enrollment  by  terms: 

Fall  

500 

485 

566 

633 

567 

554 

Winter  

. 541 

561 

643 

674 

624 

609 

Spring  

. 458 

472 

523 

563 

542 

550 

Summer  and  Institute . 

. 645 

648 

700 

734 

697 

681 

2.  Graduates 

The  number  of  students  completing  the  several  courses  is 
rapidly  increasing.  For  the  year  ending  June  30,  1913,  the 
number  was  161;  the  year  ending  June  30,  1914,  213;  the  year 
ending  June  30,  1915,  210;  the  year  ending  June  30,  1916,  201. 
We  graduate  students  at  the  end  of  any  term.  The  total 
number  of  graduates  to  date  from  the  institution  is  approxi- 
mately 1800. 

Herewith  is  a table  showing  the  number  of  graduates  at  the 
end  of  each  term  for  the  past  four  years,  also  the  number  of 
graduates  from  each  of  the  several  courses,  distributed  ac- 
cording to  the  courses  they  have  pursued. 


By  Terms 

Aug. 

Dec.  March 

June 

Total 

1913  

. 37 

6 

7 

94 

144 

1914  

. 29 

9 

8 

123 

164 

1915  

. 39 

9 

6 

154 

208 

1916  

. 35 

13 

8 

153 

209 

By 

Courses 

General  Courses: 

1913 

1914 

: 1915 

1916 

Elementary  

102 

108 

151 

152 

Advanced  

16 

14 

17 

16 

Special  Courses: 

Agriculture  

2 

Domestic  Science  . . 

11 

27 

22 

23 

Kindergarten  

3 

4 

5 

3 

Manual  Training  . . . 

6 

5 

3 

3 

Public  School  Music 

1 

3 

1 

Public  School  Music 

and 

Art  . . . 

4 

5 

4 

6 

Physical  Education  . 

1 

1 

2 

Primary  

2 

3 

Art  

1 

Commercial  

1 

1 

STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL 


3.  Analysis  of  Enrollment 

Students  attending  all  the  year,  September,  1915,  to 

June,  1916  447 

Number  enrolled,  fall  term  1915,  who  were  enrolled  pre- 
ceding year  220 

Number  enrolled  during  school  year  who  hold  four-year 

high  school  diploma  265 

Number  enrolled  during  the  year  who  had  no  experience 

in  teaching  508 

Number  enrolled  during  the  year  who  had  less  than  two 

years’  experience  94 

Number  enrolled  during  the  year  who  had  two  and  less 

than  five  years’  experience  80 

Number  enrolled  during  the  year  who  had  five  or  more 

years’  experience  18 

Number  of  different  persons  enrolled  during  the  year: 

Male  120 

Female  580 

Total  700 


4.  In  General 

Student  life  and  conduct  thruout  the  period  has  been  in 
every  way  wholesome  and  circumspect.  Discipline  has  been 
the  least  of  our  problems.  The  students  have  co-operated  with 
the  faculty  in  every  plan  for  the  improvement  of  the  life  of 
the  institution.  The  relation  of  the  students  and  teachers 
has,  therefore,  been  most  delightful. 

During  the  year  the  Class  of  1916  has  presented  to  the 
school  and  installed  upon  our  grounds  a handsome  fountain, 
the  value  of  which  is  about  $500.  The  Class  of  1914  had  de- 
ferred action  on  its  memorial  until  the  present  year.  They 
finally  agreed  upon  a memorial  post  and  have  located  it  at  the 
northwest  corner  of  the  campus.  It  is  similar  to  those  at  the 
entrance  gateway  and  is  now  in  place. 

The  students’  voluntary  work  as  exemplified  in  their  class 
organization,  literary  societies  and  other  groups  is  of  high  or- 
der. During  the  past  year  a series  of  inter-society  debates 
upon  the  “Minimum  Wage  Law”  has  been  initiated  and  car- 
ried out  in  which  teams  representing  four  literary  societies 
appeared  in  public  debate  two  or  more  times  each  and  in 
nearly  every  case  had  the  opportunity  of  supporting  both 


PRESIDENT©  BIENNIAL  REPORT 


sides  of  the  question.  These  did  more  than  anything  in  the 
recent  life  of  the  school  to  encourage  and  develop  an  inter- 
est in  public  speaking  and  the  study  of  public  questions. 

The  student  body  was  organized  at  the  close  of  the  fall 
term  for  the  publication  of  a weekly  newspaper  as  a means  of 
communication  between  the  student  body  and  the  community. 
This  paper  has  appeared  weekly  under  the  name  of  “The 
Budget”  and  has  been  conducted  entirely  by  a student  group 
representing  the  entire  school.  The  paper  has  been  found  an 
important  agency  in  the  life  of  the  school  and  has  given  a de- 
sirable training  to  a large  group  of  students.  Another  group 
has  published  the  annual  issue  of  “The  Blizzard,”  a book 
which  contains  a record  of  the  student  body’s  affairs  thruout 
the  year  and  fairly  reflects  the  student  life.  During  the 
year  the  women  students  have  been  organized  thru  the  ini- 
tiative of  the  Dean  of  Women  into  a Women’s  League.  The 
object  of  the  League  is  to  encourage  social  life  of  the  students 
and  secure  helpful  co-operation  and  acquaintance  with  the 
ladies  of  the  city.  The  affairs  of  the  League  have  been  well 
conducted  and  they  have  added  materially  to  the  social  en- 
joyment. 

Athletics  have  prospered,  and,  for  the  first  time  in  the  his- 
tory of  the  school,  it  has  not  been  necessary  to  struggle  with 
the  deficit  arising  from  athletic  enterprises. 

Our  musical  interests  have  flourished  financially  and  artis- 
tically.  The  Shakespeare  Tercentenary  was  observed  by  a 
rather  pretentious  pageant  under  the  leadership  of  our  Eng- 
lish department. 

The  student  Loan  Fund  was  increased  by  a sum  of  about 
$150,  the  result  of  a faculty  entertainment  given  for  the  pur- 
pose. 


II.  The  Faculty 

1.  The  Number  of  Teachers 

During  the  last  year  of  the  biennium  covered  by  this  report 
our  faculty  has  included  sixty-two  persons.  This  number  in- 
cludes the  librarian  and  two  assistants,  the  custodian  of  the 
museum  and  an  assistant.  The  number  and  distribution  of  the 
faculty  as  to  sex  is  shown  in  the  following  statements: 


Men  in  the  faculty,  regular  term  23 

Women  in  the  faculty,  regular  term 39 


STATE  NORMAL,  SCHOOL 


Total  number  in  the  faculty,  regular  term 62 

Men  in  the  faculty,  summer  term  24 

Women  in  the  faculty,  summer  term  35 

Total  number  in  the  faculty,  summer  term 59 


The  size  of  our  faculty  considered  in  the  abstract  seems 
large,  but  the  number  of  the  faculty  should  be  considered  in 
relation  to  the  size  of  the  student  body  and  the  number  of 
classes  for  each  student  per  day.  Our  faculty  is  still  inade- 
quate for  highly  efficient  work.  Teachers  struggle  with  large 
classes  and  too  many  per  day  with  consequent  loss  of  vitality 
in  instruction  and  the  entire  elimination  of  productive  work 
on  the  part  of  members  of  the  faculty.  We  are  not  able  to 
enter  into  outside  professional  activities,  because  of  the  im- 
mense amount  of  work  required  of  teachers  at  the  institution 
and  yet  the  work  done  by  our  faculty  in  the  institution  has 
been  of  excellent  quality. 


2.  Hours  of  Work 

The  number  of  hours  of  work  per  week  done  by  members 
of  the  faculties  in  our  better  Normal  Schools  ranges  from 
sixteen  to  eighteen.  In  most  cases  our  faculty  members 
teach  twenty-five  hours  per  week.  Add  to  this  the  necessary 
committee  work  and  the  general  work,  which  membership  in 
a faculty  like  ours  entails,  and  it  will  be  seen  that  teachers 
are  over-worked.  This  condition  can  only  be  remedied  by  in- 
creasing the  number  of  teachers  or  decreasing  the  number  of 
classes.  It  should  be  remedied  in  our  institution  by  a modifi- 
cation of  our  course  of  study  so  as  to  require  fewer  subjects 
per  day  of  each  student  and  more  time  for  independent  study 
and  research  on  their  part.  Instead  of  five  requirements  for 
each  student  per  day  the  course  should  require  but  four.  The 
student  should  then  devote  more  time  each  day  to  individual 
study  and  preparation,  and  appear  fewer  times  in  class. 

This  question  of  the  number  of  hours  of  service  required  has 
a bearing  on  the  training  and  ability  of  teachers  that  can  be 
secured.  We  believe  our  faculty  is  well  qualified  from  the 
standpoint  of  academic  training  and  experience  as  teachers. 
If  they  are  to  be  retained,  and  others  of  equal  grade  of  schol- 
arship to  be  secured,  from  time  to  time,  the  conditions  of 
service  should  be  rendered  more  favorable  and  salaries  in- 
creased. 

Candidates  for  teaching  positions  prefer  to  get  into  colleges 


PRESIDENT*®  BIENNIAL  REPORT 


and  other  institutions  where  fewer  teaching  hours  are  ex- 
pected. The  heavy  requirements  as  to  hours  of  service  and 
other  unfavorable  conditions  also  explains  why  faculties  of 
Normal  Schools  do  not  and  cannot  carry  on  as  much  produc- 
tive work  as  college  faculties.  If  Normal  Schools  are  to  help 
teachers  in  service,  do  a little  extension  work,  prepare  courses 
of  study,  publish  tested  results  of  good  teaching,  they  must 
have  relief  from  the  heavy  hours  of  work  required. 

3.  Salaries. 

The  efficiency  of  the  members  of  any  faculty  depends  upon 
their  education  and  training,  their  experience,  the  condition 
under  which  they  work  and  the  compensation  they  receive.  A 
high  salary  average  might  secure  teachers  of  large  experience 
and  high  academic  training  to  work  under  inferior  conditions 
but  in  the  case  of  Valley  City  the  salary  average  is  low.  It  may 
be  said  that  heads  of  departments  receive  salaries  that  approxi- 
mate a fair  compensation,  but  others  still  more  remotely  ap- 
proach such  fair  salaries.  The  income  of  the  school  should 
be  increased  to  such  an  extent  as  to  allow  a general  ad- 
vancement of  salaries.  The  United  States  Bureau  of  Educa- 
tion has  recently  issued  a pamphlet  on  “The  Tangible  Re- 
sults of  Teaching/’  From  this  pamphlet  I have  compiled  a 
table  which  represents  the  salaries  of  various  ranks  of  in- 
structors in  eighty-five  Normal  Schools  in  various  parts  of  the 
country.  The  table  shows  the  department,  the  rank  of  the 
instructor,  the  total  number  of  cases  represented,  the  maxi- 
mum, minimum  and  average  salaries.  A comparison  of  our 
salaries  with  the  averages  of  the  table  shows  that  Valley  City 
is  paying  its  faculty  inadequately,  especially  if  it  expects  to 
maintain  its  position  as  one  of  the  up-to-date  Normal  Schools 
of  the  country.  These  low  salaries  mean  in  many  cases  lim- 
ited training  and  experience  and  a low  grade  of  professional 
work,  and  frequent  resignations  of  those  who  are  well  quali- 
fied. 

4.  Preparation 

To  show  that  in  academic  training  our  teachers  compare 
favorably  with  those  of  other  State  Normal  schools,  I am  sub- 
mitting herewith  a statement,  which  I have  made  up  from  a 
study  of  various  Normal  School  catalogs.  The  statement 
shows  the  percentage  of  teachers,  in  each  of  the  Normal 
Schools  studied,  having  the  doctor’s  degree,  the  master’s  de- 


STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL 


gree,  the  bachelor’s  degree  and  those  holding  no  degree.  The 
table  appended  makes  a very  good  showing  for  the  school  at 
Valley  City  when  taken  in  connection  with  salaries  and 
amount  of  teaching  required.  The  table  gives  the  percentage 
of  the  faculty  in  each  school  holding  the  degree  named  at  the 
top  of  the  column. 

Table  Shewing  Percentage  of  Various  Degrees  in  Each 
Institution  Named 


Doct’s 

Mast’s 

Bach’s 

No  Degree 

Valley  City,  N.  Dak. . . . 

6 

23 

30 

40 

Ypsilanti,  Mich 

8 

22 

30 

39 

Normal.  Ill 

8 

16 

38 

37 

Aberdeen,  S.  Dak 

. . . 0 

12 

31 

55 

Cape  Girardeau,  Mo.  . . 

. . . 2i/2 

20 

52% 

25 

St.  Cloud,  Minn 

5 

8 

29 

57 

Johnson,  Vt 

6 

0 

12y2 

81 

Conway,  Ark 

0 

22 

39 

39 

Springfield,  Mo 

4 

15 

69% 

11 

Gunnison,  Colo 

0 

18 

67 

14 

Greeley,  Colo 

6 

30 

53 

11 

Macomb,  111 

0 

38 

28 

33 

Charleston,  111 

6 

27 

45 

21 

Cedar  Falls,  la 

6 

29 

41 

23 

Richmond,  Ky 

3 

17 

40 

40 

Natchtoches,  La 

5 

17% 

22% 

55 

Farmington,  Me 

0 

6 

12%, 

81 

Bellingham,  Wash 

5 

22 

28 

45 

Trenton,  N.  J 

. . . 10 

15 

22 

53 

Peru,  Nebr 

2 

16 

31 

50 

Oswego,  N.  Y 

8 

12 

24 

56 

Duluth,  Minn 

9 

19 

33 

40 

5.  Recommendations 

The  considerations  above  set  forth  lead  me  to  make  the 
following  recommendations : 

1.  That  the  income  of  the  school  be  increased  by  appro- 
priation to  permit  the  annual  advance  through  a series  of 
years  of  about  thirty  salaries  and  to  enable  us  to  employ  a 
man  as  head  of  the  department  of  physical  education. 

2.  That  the  course  of  study  be  revised  to  require  students 
to  recite  four  times  per  day  instead  of  five  times,  thus  reducing 
the  number  of  hours  for  each  instructor,  and  at  the  same  time 


PRESIDENT’S  BIENNIAL  REPORT 


bringing  the  work  fairly  within  the  reach  of  the  present  fac- 
ulty. 

3.  That  definite  appropriation  be  made  in  support  of  cor- 
respondence work  and  an  Extension  department  be  put  into 
the  hands  of  members  of  the  faculty  to  be  secured  for  the 
purpose. 

No  new  departments  have  been  created  within  this  bi- 
ennium. In  fact,  the  number  of  the  faculty  during  the  past 
year  was  somewhat  reduced  owing  to  the  failure  of  the  Legis- 
lative Assembly  to  provide  a sufficient  maintenance  appropria- 
tion to  keep  up  our  work.  During  the  past  two  years  the 
school  has  been  operated  without  a head  for  the  department 
of  physical  education.  This  position  should  be  filled  at  the 
earliest  possible  moment.  The  importance  of  the  work  of  this 
department  is  being  increasingly  recognized  in  all  institutions 
of  learning.  The  large  number  of  students  taking  the  general 
and  special  work  at  our  institution  is  seriously  overloading  the 
instructors  now  employed. 

III.  The  Course  of  Study 

The  course  of  study  adopted  some  years  ago  by  the  State 
Board  of  Trustees  has  in  the  main  been  satisfactory.  In  view 
of  the  forthcoming  report  of  the  Survey  Commission  ap- 
pointed by  your  honorable  Board,  suggestions  in  detail  as  to 
desirable  modifications  would  probably  be  inappropriate.  I 
assume  that  when  this  report  has  been  digested  the  schools 
will  be  authorized  to  revise  their  course  to  make  them  more 
conformable  to  the  demands  of  the  times  and  the  resources  of 
the  state. 

The  one-year  course  for  high  school  graduates  should  soon 
be  eliminated  and  greater  emphasis  put  upon  the  advanced 
and  special  courses  all  of  which  should  be  gradually  extended. 
As  mentioned  elsewhere,  the  number  of  subjects  required  in 
most  courses  should  be  reduced  and  the  number  of  recitations 
per  day  as  well. 

These  and  other  modifications  that  may  be  found  desirable 
will  necessitate  changes  in  the  certification  laws  by  which  our 
students  are  recognized  as  teachers. 

IV.  The  Training  School 

For  many  years  the  Training  school  has  been  an  aggravat- 
ing and  almost  insoluble  problem.  At  many  State  Normal 


STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL 


schools  it  is  the  custom  to  use  a part  or  all  of  the  city  schools 
for  Training  school  purposes.  This  institution  has  never  been 
able  to  make  any  arrangements  with  the  local  city  schools  for 
Training  school  facilities.  Accordingly  we  have  maintained 
an  elementary  school  of  eight  grades  at  the  expense  of  the 
state  for  the  purpose.  The  enrollment  in  this  school  during 
the  past  year  was  as  follows:  1st  grade,  27;  2nd  grade,  21; 
3rd  grade,  12;  4th  grade,  22;  5th  grade,  24;  6th  grade,  20;  7th 
grade,  23;  8th  grade,  22.  These  numbers  varied  for  different 
terms.  Our  annual  catalog  will  show  a total  of  241  differ- 
ent children  during  the  school  year.  These  are  divided  into 
classes  of  about'  ten  each  for  practice  conveniences. 

To  relieve  the  situation  in  part,  an  observation  class  has 
been  provided,  conducted  by  the  supervisor  of  training.  The 
result  to  the  student  teacher  is  not  so  satisfactory,  tho  it  is 
the  best  substitute  we  can  at  present  improvise.  Negotia- 
tions  are  now  pending  with  the  local  Board  of  Education  with 
a view  to  securing  training  facilities  at  one  of  the  elementary 
schools  of  the  city. 

During  the  year  a uniform  lesson  plan  has  been  agreed  up- 
on which  is  now  used  by  all  the  different  critics  and  is  the 
required  plan  for  all  practice  teachers.  It  has  proved  to  be  a 
great  advantage  to  student  teachers  as  they  pass  from  one 
critic  to  another  in  the  different  terms  of  their  course. 

Considering  the  crowded  condition  and  the  adverse  circum- 
stances, I can  still  report  that  our  Training  school  is  well  or- 
ganized and  proceeding  on  a sound  basis,  and,  I believe,  secur- 
ing the  best  results  possible  in  view  of  the  general  facts  stat- 
ed above. 

The  last  legislature  passed  a law  authorizing  the  city  Board 
of  Education  to  pay  a reasonable  fee  for  each  child  instructed 
in  the  training  school.  Up  to  the  present  writing  the  Board 
of  Education  has  declined  to  pay  this  bill. 

V.  Music  Department 

During  the  year  ending,  June  30th  last,  312  different  persons 
have  taken  musical  instruction  at  the  institution.  This  does 
not  include  those  enrolled  in  the  band,  orchestra  and  special 
glee  clubs.  We  have  now  a well  developed  orchestra,  a young 
ladies’  band  of  thirty  instruments,  a choral  society  of  ninety 


PRESIDENT’S  BIENNIAL  REPORT 


members  and  the  Normalonians,  an  organization  of  young 
women  singers  of  about  thirty  members. 

The  development  of  our  Music  department  has  justified  the 
experiment.  Its  establishment  was  based  upon  the  following 
arguments : 

1.  Every  young  person  securing  an  education  should  have 
the  opportunity  of  some  culture  in  this  delightful  art  and 
should  be  encouraged  to  an  appreciation  of  music  in  its  vari- 
ous forms. 

2.  All  teachers  should  know  something  of  music,  at  least 
on  the  singing  side. 

3.  There  is  an  increasing  demand  for  supervisors  and  spe- 
cial teachers  of  singing  in  the  public  schools.  These,  Normal 
schools  should  furnish,  and  not  conservatories  conducted  for 
private  gain. 

4.  The  people  of  our  state  are  spending  annually  enormous 
sums  of  money  for  trivial  instruction  in  piano  and  similar 
forms  of  music.  There  is  no  reason  why  Normal  schools 
should  not  train  teachers  of  music  in  these  lines  as  well  as 
for  public  school  teaching. 

5.  All  the  strong  Normal  schools  of  the  country  have  simi- 
lar Music  departments  and,  finally,  the  department  has  been 
of  very  trivial  expense  to  the  state,  owing  to  the  fact  that  in- 
structors of  this  department  are  paid,  almost  entirely,  by 
fees.  The  only  ones  of  them  receiving  a salary  out  of  the 
general  funds  in  the  school  are  the  heads  of  the  Departments 
of  Public  School  singing,  and  the  band  and  orchestra  con- 
ductors. 

As  a result  of  the  encouragement  of  music,  our  students 
have  a fine  discrimination  between  the  wholesome  and  indif- 
ferent forms. 

VI.  Improvements  at  the  Farm 

The  only  fund  available  the  past  two  years  for  permanent 
improvements  was  an  appropriation  of  $1,000  for  a barn  for 
the  care  of  the  live  stock  and  implements  at  the  school  farm. 
A commodious  barn  has  been  erected  with  improved  conveni- 
ences for  the  care  of  ten  cows  and  five  horses.  A small  resi- 
dence was  purchased  in  the  city  and  moved  to  the  farm  and  is 
occupied  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  and  grounds.  The 
expense  of  this  latter  improvement  was  paid  out  of  the  pro- 


STATE  NORMAL,  SCHOOL 


ceeds  of  the  farm.  We  now  have  five  horses  that  are  used 
for  hauling  coal  and  the  necessary  farm  work.  Ten  Holstein 
cows,  four  of  them  pure  bred,  furnish  milk  for  the  dormitory. 
A pure  bred  bull  and  five  young  cattle  complete  the  present 
herd.  The  old  barn,  or  shed,  has  been  moved  from  the  rear 
of  the  dormitory  to  the  farm  and  fitted  up  as  a machine  shed 
and  two  small  structures  have  been  made  over  for  poultry 
houses  for  experimental  purposes.  A herd  of  seventy-five  well 
bred  Chester  White  hogs  consumes  the  refuse  from  the  dormi- 
tory and  has  been  found  to  be  a source  of  profit  to  the  farm 
as  well  as  an  interesting  educational  demonstration  of  the 
profit  that  may  be  derived  from  the  wise  handling  of  a herd 
of  swine. 

VII.  Unit  Cost  of  Instruction 

In  an  age  when  educational  institutions  are  challenged  to 
show  the  degree  of  efficiency  as  well  as  the  gross  cost  of  their 
work,  I submit  for  your  consideration  the  following  state- 
ments of  unit  cost  at  this  institution.  Massachusetts  is  the 
only  state,  with  which  I am  familiar,  that  has  worked  out  the 
unit  cost  of  Normal  schools  on  this  basis.  As  compared  with 
those  old  and  well  established  Normal  schools  our  showing  is 
very  favorable  indeed.  ^ 

That  state  has  nine  Normal  schools.  The  total  per  capita 
cost  of  operating  these  schools  ranges  from  $108.17  at  Bridge- 
water,  a school  with  an  average  membership  of  360  students, 
to  $324.19  per  capita  at  North  Adams,  a school  with  a aver- 
age membership  of  127.  A table  making  a complete  compari- 
son of  these  nine  schools  with  ours  would  be  interesting  and 
profitable  but  the  space  of  this  report  forbids  further  compar- 
ison. There  are  many  conditions  that  make  it  more  econom- 
ical to  operate  a school  in  Massachusetts  than  in  North  Dakota. 

Table  Showing  Cost  of  Instruction 
1.  Cubical  contents  of  buildings  used  for  school 


purposes  (cubic  feet)  1,152,000 

2.  Average  membership  for  the  school  year, 

1915-1916  609 

3.  Relating  to  salaries,  wages  and  labor: 

a.  Paid  out  for  general  administration  including 
salaries  of  president,  secretary,  office  force  ....$10,590.00 

b.  Cost  per  capita  of  administration 17.40 

c.  Cost  for  instruction  including  salaries  of  teach- 


PRESIDENT’S  BIENNIAL  REPORT 


ers,  librarians,  management  of  museum 78,023.31 

d.  Per  capita  cost  of  instruction  116.50 

e.  Paid  out  for  labor  including  janitors,  engineers, 

care  of  buildings  and  grounds  9,914.53 

f.  Per  capita  cost  for  labor  16.28 

4.  Heat,  light,  power  and  water,  not  including  labor: 

a.  Total  expenditure  for  these  purposes  10,150.62 

b.  Per  capita  cost  for  heat,  light,  power  and  water  16.66 

c.  Cost  per  thousand  cubic  feet  of  heat,  light,  etc.  8.80 

5.  Buildings  and  Improvements: 

a.  Total  amount  expended  for  buildings,  repairs 

and  improvements  650.00 

b.  Per  capita  cost  of  building,  repairs  and  im- 
provements   1.07 

c.  Cost  per  thousand  cubic  feet  of  building,  re- 
pair, etc .56 

6.  Furnishings  and  fixtures,  including  apparatus: 

a.  Total  amount  expended  3,485.91 

b.  Per  capita  cost  of  furnishings  and  fixtures  ....  5.72 

c.  Cost  per  thousand  cubic  feet  of  furnishings  and 

fixtures  3.03 

7.  School  supplies  including  scientific  supplies: 

a.  Total  amount  expended  i 5,393.00 

b.  Per  capita  cost  8.85 

8.  Postage,  stationery,  publications,  office  supplies: 

a.  Total  expenditure  2,578.30 

b.  Per  capita  cost  4.23 

9.  Library: 

a.  Total  amount  paid  out  for  library  purposes  . . 908.64 

b.  Cost  per  capita  1.50 

10.  M iscellaneaus  expenditures  including  everything 
not  described  above: 

a.  Total  amount  expended  6,472.00 

b.  Cost  per  capita  10.62 

Total  per  capita  cost  of  instruction  $ 197.83 


VIII.  Value  of  Buildings  and  Equipment 

Date  of  erection  and  cost  of  each  building: 

Auditorium  1907 $60,000,00 

Science  Building  1903 41,000.00 

Main  Building  1892 35,000.00 

Training  School  1905 42,000.00 


STATE!  NORMAL  SCHOOL 


Industrial  Building  1911 

Heat,  Light  & Power  Plant  1909 

Dormitory  1910 

Dormitory  1903 

Dormitory  1902 

Root  House 1912 

Coal  Shed  1907 

Farm  Buildings  1915 

Office  of  Supt.  of  Grounds  1913 

Greenhouse  1913 


40.000. 00 

50.000. 00 

40.000. 00 

30.000. 00 
8,000.00 
1,000.00 
1,100.00 
4,500.00 

250.00 

500.00 


Total  sum  spent  for  buildings  $353,350.00 

Amount  spent  for  the  equipment  of  each  department: 

Science  $ 4,780.15 

Agriculture  1,728 j57 

Domestic  science  1,739.34 

History  158.90 

Psychology  142.25 

Commercial  1,202.70 

Art  1,113.15 

Languages  142.50 

Manual  training  3,318.44 

Music  3,984.64 

Education  60.54 

Rural  77.15 

Mathematics  204.05 

Training  school  2,055.99 

Library  11,148.76 

Auditorium  4,318.90 

Literary  societies  673.50 

Registrar  1,088.90 

Executive  and  Business  offices  1,728.50 

Museum  2,758.83 

Janitors  755.78 

Dean  of  women 16.75 

Power  House  616.28 

Superintendent  of  grounds  542.23 

Miscellaneous  3,571.75 

Dormitories  9,001.02 

Physical  Education  669.98 

Cattle,  Horses,  Farm  Machinery 1,905.00 

Total  sum  spent  for  equipment  59,504.67 


PRESIDENT’S  BIENNIAL 


Number  of  acres  in  campus,  77  acres,  all  told  (actual  cam* 
pus  13  acres) 

Income  from  land  endowment  (50,000  acres)  $25,000.00, 
1914-1915. 

IX.  Appropriations  Needed 


Maintenance  71,000.00 

Physical  education  building  100,000.00 

Administration  building  65,000.00 

For  curb,  gutter,  sewer,  water  3,000.00 

Improvements  and  repairs  5,000.00 

Engine  and  dynamo 3,000.00 

Insurance  3,500.00 

Walks  1,500.00 

Furniture  and  equipment  5,000.00 

Library  permanencies  4,000.00 

Athletic  grounds  .’ 1,500.00 

Heat  main  to  dormitory 2,000.00 

For  deficiency  10,000.00 


Total  $274,500.00 


X.  Conclusion 

I wish  to  express  to  the  Board  of  Regents  my  sincere  ap- 
preciation of  their  cordial  support  and  wise  leadership  during 
the  short  time  we  have  worked  together.  I am  sure  it  would 
be  difficult  to  initiate  any  new  system  of  administration  with 
less  distraction  and  annoyance  to  the  local  school  authorities 
than  has  been  done  in  the  case  of  your  assuming  control  of 
education  in  North  Dakota,  This  Normal  School  has  made 
progress.  By  the  co-operation  of  all  the  forces  controlling  it, 
we  are  anticipating,  its  service  to  the  state  will  be  greatly 
increased.  Very  respectfully  submitted, 


3 0112 105658857 

REPORT  • 


i 


